Hybrid car is a vehicle that uses internal combustion engine and electric car motor. The hybrid car consumes fuel in the more efficient way than traditional vehicle. One of the methods of fuel economy is regenerative breaking. It is a type of electric breaking when car motor starts working as generator and converse kinetic energy in electric and charge batteries.
The essence of principle consists in the following: gas engine runs electric generator and required quantity of electricity pass through controlling system on electric car motor and vehicle starts propulsion. Hybrid car has also accumulators but not so heavy as electric car has.
In traffic jam or during driving with low speed and motor workload electric car motor is working powered by electricity from accumulator batteries. Gas motor is not working and not consuming gas during this time. It doesn’t work during free running and long time breaking.
On highway or during huge motor workload gas engine is working only, generator linked with gas motor charge accumulator batteries and electric motor in not working. When vehicle should do critical maneuver like emergency overtaking or abrupt jerk two motors are launching. But the most time electric motor is working – it allows save gas up to 25% comparing with conventional vehicle.
The most suitable power supply for car electric motor is Li-ion battery. It is similar to mobile phone battery, but has greater size. There are even better batteries but their cost is about several hundred thousand for one car set.
Work of hybrid propulsion system is impossible without high-performance on-board computer. It constantly assesses huge number of parameters in real time. Considerable cost of this valuable device is software. Programmers call it firmware.
The main reason of producing hybrid vehicles was market demand due high oil prices and constantly rising ecologic requirements. Improved technologies and tax remissions for manufacturers make these vehicles even cheaper than conventional.
